On June 28th, we held a community charrette for a
new Early Childhood Development and Family Centre in Mbuye Sector, Ruhango
District. The event was organized as part of “umaganda”, the monthly day of
service that occurs on the last Saturday of every month across Rwanda. We
started with two hours of community work to start leveling the site and prepare
it for construction. Approximately 300 people, mostly men, showed up to work
each with his own shove, hoe, or rake. The architects and myself had already
staked out the site and were around to help direct the work as well as lend a
hand with the digging. There is about 5 meters of elevation change from the top
of the site to the bottom, which is about 25 meters away. The community is
going to remove 2.5 meters from one side and add it to the other side before
construction starts. The district will hire a contractor to build retaining
walls at the top and bottom of the slope and then UNICEF will execute
construction of the facility via an agreement with a partner organization.
After site leveling, we gathered for some dancing and then community
engagement activities. UNICEF partnered with Imbuto Foundation to assist with
these activities and they started by explaining the idea of the Early Childhood
Development and Family Centre, which incorporate health, nutrition, and
sanitation programmes to benefit young children, their families, and the
community at large. When complete, the centres will belong and be operated by
the community, with support from UNICEF and Imbuto for training and developing
an operating plan. 
Once Imbuto explained the goal of the project, the architecture
firm ASA described the current design using a wooden model as a visual aid.
Since the site provided is long and narrow, the seven buildings will have to be
oriented in an S-shape instead of the circular orientation used in areas with
larger sites. The idea is to provide three stimulation rooms for the young
children (ages 0 to 6), a covered multipurpose room, demonstration kitchen with
storage area, an administration building with two offices, and an “ecosan”
toilet that separates solids from liquids and uses both as soil amenities. The
entire site is fenced in to provide security and children are provided with
custom playground equipment. Rainfall from the roofs of all buildings are piped
to a 30,000 liter underground masonry tank, similar to what is commonly used
for methane digesters.
After hearing of the basic design, community members were
broken into small groups and given a series of cards showing related images
side-by-side. One card for example showed a built-in masonry stove for the
kitchen as well as a free standing metal and concrete stove. Other topics
included the finishes on the walls (exposed bricks vs. plaster), ground covering
for the central courtyard (exposed soil, grass, brick pavers, or gravel), and
even the animal they’d like to see incorporated into the design of the slide
(elephant vs. cow). The groups were asked to review the two or four pictures on
each card, select the one they would most like to see in their ECD&F
centre, and fold the card so that image was face-up. All selections were set on
the ground when the group was finished and our team walked around taking photos
of the selections and the people in the group. Everybody seemed very excited to
be able to contribute to the eventual ECD&F design and there was lots of
great conversation about what would be best for their children. There were
groups of men, women and children participating in a total of approximately 26
groups.
Once preferences of all groups had been recorded, we explained
how the information would be used to improve the ECD&F design and customize
it for their preferences. ASA compiled the results to share with the team and
will finalize the design based on this feedback. A copy of the results is
included below. Many of the results confirmed what we had already assumed, for
example 88% of respondents indicated they prefer a built-in masonry stove over
a free-standing traditional stove, 92% prefer the latrine to be located far
from the front entrance, and 89% would like to have a dedicated water fountain.
There were also some results that may necessitate design changes. When asked
about preferred landscaping options, the majority of groups preferred brick
pavers, which were not included in any of the initial designs. Almost
three-fourths of the respondents preferred an option for playground equipment
than what we used in this first round of ECD&F construction. Nearly
two-thirds of people would rather have a reed ceiling in the stimulation rooms
instead of the exposed clay tile roof we’ve been providing. Perhaps most
surprising, the majority of groups preferred the S-shaped site orientation over
the circular shape because of the feeling of it being more open and inviting.
Our initial thought was to always provide the circular shape unless space
constraints forced the S-shape. This valuable feedback will help us tailor the
design to the local context while also encourage a sense of empowerment and ownership
to the community.
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